New IJF now accepts submissions exclusively via the Editorial Scholar portal — a dedicated submission & review system.
Go to Editorial Scholar →
Associated Management Consultants Pvt. Ltd. | COPE Member
Scopus Q2 UGC-CARE |
Indian Journal of Finance logo

Indian Journal of Finance

ISSN: 0973-8711 Frequency: Monthly Peer Review: Double-blind Published since: 2007 Language: English
A publication of AMCPL
amcon.co.in
New Delhi, India
Indexed in: Scopus Q2 UGC-CARE Group II Google Scholar J-Gate NISCAIR Crossref

Original Article

Open Access Original Article

Status and Trend of R&D Disclosures: A Study of Selected Organizations in India

Neha Dhawan1,  Khushdeep Dharni2

1 PG Student, School of Business Studies Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana - 141 027, Punjab

2 Associate Professor, School of Business Studies, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana - 141 027, Punjab

Volume 8
Issue 6
Pages 34–46
Year 2014
Received: Dec. 12, 2013 Accepted: April 15, 2014 Published: June 1, 2014
Abstract

The present study was undertaken to explore the R&D activities of selected companies in India. An attempt has been made to find out variations relating to R&D activities among various sectors and companies. R&D activities for the purpose of this study included the amount of R&D expenditure as well as other R&D disclosures made in the annual reports of the companies. Content analysis was used for measuring qualitative disclosures. Five companies each from five sectors, namely, biotechnology, pharmaceuticals, information technology (IT), food, and fertilizers, with the period of analysis covering 10 years from 2002-03 to 2011-12, were included in the study. Results indicate that pharmaceuticals and biotechnology are the leading sectors for R&D intensity in India. Overall, a positive growth was observed for R&D activities across the board. Significant positive correlation was found between R&D expenditure and qualitative R&D disclosures.

Keywords R&D R&D Expenditure R&D Intensity Qualitative Disclosures Research and Development
How to Cite

Neha Dhawan, Khushdeep Dharni (2014). Status and Trend of R&D Disclosures: A Study of Selected Organizations in India. Indian Journal of Finance, 8(6), 34–46. https://doi.org/10.17010/ijf/2014/v8i6/71912

References
  1. Anandarajan, A., Chiang, S., & Lee, P. (2010). R & D tax credit and operating performance: Implications for managers. Management Decision, 48 (8), 1198-1211. DOI:10.1108/00251741011076744
  2. Andries, P., & Wastyn, A. (2012). Disentangling value-enhancing and cost-increasing effects of knowledge management. Journal of Knowledge Management, 16 (3), 387-399. DOI:10.1108/13673271211238724
  3. Belderbos, R., Carree, M. A., Diederen, B., Lokshin, B., & Veugelers, R. (2004). Heterogeneity in R&D cooperation strategies. International Journal of Industrial Organization, 22 (8-9), 1237-1263.
  4. Bloch, C. (2005). R&D investment and internal finance: The cash flow effect. Economics of Innovation & New Technology, 14 (3), 213-223. DOI:10.1080/1043859042000312710
  5. Boujelben, S., & Fedhila, H. (2011). The effects of intangible investments on future OCF. Journal of Intellectual Capital, 12(4), 480-494. DOI: 10.1108/14691931111181689
  6. Bromiley, S., & Washburn, M. (2011). Cost reduction vs. innovative search in R& D. Journal of Strategy and Management, 4(3), 196-214. DOI:10.1108/17554251111152243
  7. Cetindamar, D., & Ulusoy, G. (2008). Innovation performance and partnerships in manufacturing firms in Turkey. Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management, 19 (3), 332-345. DOI:10.1108/17410380810853768
  8. Chan, L. K. C., Lakonishok, J., & Sougiannis, T. (2001). The stock market valuation of research and development expenditures. The Journal of Finance, 56 (6), 2431-2456. DOI: 10.1111/0022-1082.00411
  9. Darroch, J. (2005). Knowledge management, innovation and firm performance. Journal of Knowledge Management, 9 (3), 101-115. DOI:10.1108/13673270510602809
  10. Doran, J. (2012). Are differing forms of innovation complements or substitutes? European Journal of Innovation Management, 15 (3), 351-371. DOI:10.1108/14601061211243675
  11. European Commission. (2012). EU R & D scorecard. The 2012 EU industrial R & D investment scorecard. Retrieved from <a href=http://www.iri.jrc.ec.europa.eu/docs/scoreboard/2012/SB2012.pdf target="_blank">http://www.iri.jrc.ec.europa.eu/docs/scoreboard/2012/SB2012.pdf</a>
  12. Goel, R. K., & Ram, R. (2001). Irreversibility of R&D investment and the adverse effect of uncertainty: Evidence from the OECD countries. Economic Letters, 71 (2), 287-291. DOI:<a href=http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0165-1765(01)00372-X target="_blank">http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0165-1765(01)00372-X</a>
  13. Goldfinger, C. (1997). Understanding and measuring the intangible economy: Current status and suggestions for future research. Paper presented at CIRET Seminar, Helsinki.
  14. Griffith, R., Redding, S., & Reenen, J. V. (2001). Mapping the two faces of R&D: Productivity growth in a panel of OECD industries. The Institute for Fiscal Studies WP 02/00.
  15. Hait, A., & Jangili (2010). Research and development expenditure in private corporate business sector. Journal of Income and Wealth, 32 (1), 56-65.
  16. Hall, B. H. (2002). The financing of research and development. NBER Working Paper 8873. Retrieved from <a href=http://www.nber.org/papers/w8773.pdf target="_blank">http://www.nber.org/papers/w8773.pdf</a>
  17. Hall, B. H., Mairesse, J., & Mohnen, P. (2010). Measuring the returns to R&D. United Nations University, UNU Merit Working Papers #2010-006. Retrieved from <a href=http://econpapers.repec.org/scripts/redir.pf?u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.merit.unu.edu%2Fpublications%2Fwppdf%2F2010%2Fwp2010-006.pdf;h=repec:unm:unumer:2010006 target="_blank">http://econpapers.repec.org/scripts/redir.pf?u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.merit.unu.edu%2Fpublications%2Fwppdf%2F2010%2Fwp2010-006.pdf;h=repec:unm:unumer:2010006</a>
  18. Inauen, M., & Wicki, A. S. (2012). Fostering radial innovations with open innovation. European Journal of Innovation Management, 15 (2), 212-231.
  19. India Inc tops global R & D investment growth charts. (2013, January 20). The Hindu Business Line. Retrieved from <a href=http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/industry-and-economy/india-inc-tops-global rd-investmentgrowth-charts/article4325656.ece target="_blank">http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/industry-and-economy/india-inc-tops-global rd-investmentgrowth-charts/article4325656.ece</a>
  20. Indian companies top global charts for investment in R&D. (2013, January 20). The Times of India. Retrieved from <a href=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/business/india-business/Indian-companies-top-global-charts-for-investment-in-RD/articleshow/18099909.cms target="_blank">http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/business/india-business/Indian-companies-top-global-charts-for-investment-in-RD/articleshow/18099909.cms</a>
  21. Kang, H. (2006). Reporting intangible assets: Voluntary disclosure practices of the top emerging market companies (Ph.D. Dissertation). The University of New South Wales, Australia.
  22. Kang, H., & Gray, S.J. (2011). The content of voluntary intangible asset disclosures: Evidence from emerging market companies. Journal of International Accounting Research, 10 (2), 109-25. DOI: <a href=http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/jiar.2011.10.1.109 target="_blank">http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/jiar.2011.10.1.109</a>
  23. Koch, A. (2011). Firm-internal knowledge integration and the effects on innovation. Journal of Knowledge Management, 15 (6), 984-996. DOI:10.1108/13673271111179325
  24. Lang, M., & Lundholm, R. (1993). Cross-sectional determinants of analyst rating of corporate disclosure. Journal of Accounting Research, 31 (2), 246-271.
  25. Lantz, J.- S., & Sahut, J. - M. (2005). R&D investment and the financial performance of technological firms. International Journal of Business, 10 (3), 251-270.
  26. Lin, B.-W., Lee, Y., & Hung, S. - C. (2006). R&D intensity and commercialization orientation effects on financial performance. Journal of Business Research, 59 (6), 679-685. DOI :10.1016/j.jbusres.2006.01.002
  27. Lin, P., & Saggi, K. (2002). Product differentiation, process R&D and the nature of market completion. European Economic Review, 46 (1), 201-211.
  28. Margolis, R. M., & Kammen, D. M. (1999). Underinvestment: The energy technology and R&D policy challenge. Science, 285 (5428), 690-692. DOI: 10.1126/science.285.5428.690
  29. Merkley, K. J. (2010). More than numbers: R&D related disclosure and firm performance. Retrieved from <a href=http://www.kellogg.northwestern.edu/accounting/papers/Merkley.pdf target="_blank">http://www.kellogg.northwestern.edu/accounting/papers/Merkley.pdf</a>
  30. Negassi, S. (2009). International R&D spillovers and economic performance of firms: An empirical study using random coefficient models. Applied Economics, 41 (8), 947-976. DOI:10.1080/00036840601019034
  31. Othman, R., & Ameer, R. (2009). Determinants and persistence of research and development investments: Evidence from Malaysia. International Journal of Emerging Markets, 4 (3), 275-292. DOI:10.1108/17468800910968427
  32. Rao, P. M., Chandra, R., & Shin, J. (2012). R& D offshoring in multinational enterprises: Relevance of transaction cost and internationalization theories. Competitiveness Review, 22 (5), 376-395. DOI:10.1108/10595421211266276
  33. Serrano - Bedia, A. M., López-Fernández, M.C. L., & García-Piqueres, G. (2010). Decision of institutional cooperation on R&D: Determinants and sectoral differences. European Journal of Innovation Management, 13 (4), 439-465. DOI: 10.1108/14601061011086285
  34. Sharma, S. C. (2012). R & D and firm performance: Evidence from the Indian pharmaceutical industry. Journal of Asia Pacific Economy, 17 (2), 332-342. DOI:10.1080/13547860.2012.668094
  35. Tasker, S. (1998). Bridging the information gap: Quarterly conference calls as a medium for voluntary disclosure. Review of Accounting Studies, 3 (1-2), 137-167.
  36. Tikoria, J., Banwet, D. K., & Deshmukh, S. G. (2006). Balanced scorecard for performance evaluation of R&D organization : A conceptual model. Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research, 65 (11), 879-886.
  37. WIPO Economics and Statistics Series. (2011). World intellectual property report: The changing face of Innovation. Retrieved from <a href=http://www.wipo.int/export/sites/www/freepublications/en/intproperty/944/wipo_pub_944_2011.pdf target="_blank">http://www.wipo.int/export/sites/www/freepublications/en/intproperty/944/wipo_pub_944_2011.pdf</a>
  38. Zainol, A., Nair, M., & Kasipillai, J. (2008). R&D reporting practice: A case of a developing economy. Journal of Intellectual Capital, 9 (1), 122-132. DOI:10.1108/14691930810845849
  39. Zhang, A., Zhang, Y., & Zhao, R. (2003). A study of the R&D efficiency and productivity of Chinese firms. Journal of Comparative Econometrics, 31 (3), 444-464. DOI : 10.1016/S0147-5967(03)00055-6
Editorial Scholar

Submit your Research to IJF

Submit your Manuscript → Author Guidelines